Topic 4A: The elements of Groups 1 and 2.

Topic 4: Inorganic Chemistry and the Periodic Table.

understand, in terms of intermolecular forces, physical properties shown by materials, including: the trends in boiling temperatures of alkanes with increasing chain length understand that colour changes in transition metal ions may arise as a result of changes in: oxidation number, ligand, coordination number know that transition metals form coloured ions in solution

Topic 15A: Principles of transition metal chemistry.

be able to draw and interpret titration curves using all combinations of strong and weak monobasic acids and bases understand the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid in terms of degree of dissociation understand qualitatively, in terms of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies, how changes in temperature affect the rate of a reaction know that high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC, and gas chromatography, GC: are types of column chromatography

Topic 19B: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

A simple colorimeter can be used to determine the concentration of coloured ions in solution.

Transition metal ions can be identified by their colour.

Students should be able to: work out the oxidation state of an element in a compound or ion from the formula.

The rules for assigning oxidation states.

Oxidation, reduction and redox equations.

The melting and boiling points of molecular substances are influenced by the strength of these intermolecular forces.

Students should be able to draw and interpret distribution curves for different temperatures.

Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies in gases.

Ka is the dissociation constant for a weak acid: pKa = –log₁₀Ka.

Weak acids and weak bases dissociate only slightly in aqueous solution.

The orders with respect to reactants can provide information about the mechanism of a reaction.

The rate equation is an experimentally determined relationship.

AT i: Use thin-layer or paper chromatography.

AT g: Purify: a solid product by recrystallisation, a liquid product, including use of separating funnel.

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Primary alcohols can be oxidised to aldehydes which can be further oxidised to carboxylic acids.

Gas chromatography (GC) – a column is packed with a solid or with a solid coated by a liquid, and a gas is passed through the column under pressure at high temperature.

Types of chromatography include: thin-layer chromatography (TLC) – a plate is coated with a solid and a solvent moves up the plate.

Hamied Inspirational Chemistry Programme.

Introductory maths for higher education.

The physics of restoration and conservation.

Solve born haber cycle problems